Phosphorylation of Mad1 at serine 18 by Mps1 is required for the full virulence of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae.

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) proteins are conserved among eukaryotes safeguarding chromosome segregation fidelity during mitosis. However, their biological functions in plant-pathogenic fungi remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that the SAC protein MoMad1 in rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae) localizes on the nuclear envelope and is dispensable for M. oryzae vegetative growth and tolerance to microtubule depolymerizing agent treatment. MoMad1 plays an important role in M. oryzae infection-related development and pathogenicity. The monopolar spindle 1 homologue in M. oryzae (MoMps1) interacts with MoMad1 through its N-terminal domain and phosphorylates MoMad1 at Ser-18, which is conserved within the extended N termini of Mad1s from fungal plant pathogens. This phosphorylation is required for maintaining MoMad1 protein abundance and M. oryzae full virulence. Similar to the deletion of MoMad1, treatment with Mps1-IN-1 (an Mps1 inhibitor) caused compromised appressorium formation and decreased M. oryzae virulence, and these defects were dependent on its attenuating MoMad1 Ser-18 phosphorylation. Therefore, our study indicates the function of Mad1 in rice blast fungal pathogenicity and sheds light on the potential of blocking Mad1 phosphorylation by Mps1 to control crop fungal diseases.

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A inhibits pyroptosis to enhance human lung adenocarcinoma cell radioresistance by promoting DNA repair.

Purpose: One of the best anticancer treatments available is radiotherapy, which can be used either alone or in conjunction with other forms of treatment including chemotherapy and surgery. Nevertheless, a number of biochemical and physiological processes that react to ionizing radiation might provide tumor cells radioresistance, which makes radiotherapy ineffective. It has been found that CDKN1A regulates DNA damage repair, which contributes to tumor radioresistance. However, the precise mechanism is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying CDKN1A-enhanced radioresistance in tumor cells. Methods: Cells were irradiated with 4 Gy after CDKN1A overexpression or knockdown. CDKN1A expression was measured using real-time PCR, cell viability was evaluated using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays, and cytotoxicity was assessed using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. Pyroptosis in cells was analyzed using caspase-1 activity assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometry. Inflammation activation was detected through a co-immunoprecipitation assay. Activation of pyroptosis-related proteins was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Tumor radioresistance in vivo was evaluated in a mouse xenograft model. Results: Radiotherapy upregulated CDKN1A expression, which promoted lung adenocarcinoma cell survival. CDKN1A influenced radiation-induced pyroptosis in A549, which mainly depended on inhibiting the activation of the AIM2 inflammasome by promoting DNA repair. Additionally, CDKN1A upregulation enhanced A549 xenograft tumor radioresistance by inhibiting radiation-induced pyroptosis in vivo. Conclusions: CDKN1A inhibits pyroptosis to enhance the radioresistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells by promoting DNA repair. This study may serve as a reference for developing novel targeted therapies against cancer.

Accurate prediction bioaccessibility of PAHs in soil-earthworm system by novel magnetic solid phase extraction technique.

Conventional chemical extraction methods may lead to overestimate or underestimate bioaccessibility due to their inability to provide realistic kinetic information regarding PAHs in soils. In this study, we propose the use of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) technique for assessing the bioaccessibility of PAHs in the soil-earthworm system. Firstly, a novel polydopamine-coated magnetic core-shell microspheres (Fe3O4-C16@PDA) was developed by a one-pot sol-gel and self-polymerization method. The PDA coatings not only enhance the hydrophilicity of material surfaces but also exhibit excellent biocompatibility. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe3O4-C16@PDA for 16 PAHs was 52.72 mg g-1, indicating that the proposed material fulfills the assessment requirements for highly contaminated soil. To compare the measurement of PAHs and their uptake by earthworms (Eisenia fetida), experiments were conducted using four different soils with varying properties. The desorption kinetics data obtained from these experiments demonstrated that the capability of the MSPE in accurately predicting the bioavailable portions of PAHs. After a 28-day exposure, the best predictor of bioavailable PAHs in earthworms was MSPE method exhibited the highest correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.90), and its slopes in the four soils were 0.972, 0.961, 1.012, and 0.962, respectively, all close to 1. These results demonstrate that the MSPE method successfully mimics the conditions encountered in soil-earthworm systems and effectively assess bioaccessibility of PAHs in soils.

Highly Accurate Determination of the Total Amount of Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+ in a Natural Water Environment Revealed by Dynamic Simulation and DFT Calculation: Benefit from the Electron Inverse Effect of Pt Nanoclusters over Defective g-C3N4.

Although utilizing nanomaterial-modified electrodes for lead ion detection has achieved great success, most of them are carried out under acidic conditions and ignore the variation of Pb(II) speciation at different pH conditions, leading to the potential inaccuracy of Pb(II) detection in a neutral natural water environment. Thus, designing a novel catalyst with high accuracy for the detection of various forms of the total amount of Pb(II) (Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+) in neutral waters is significant. Herein, Pt nanoclusters (Pt NCs) were elaborately constructed and stabilized on the Co single-atom-doped g-C3N4 with abundant N vacancies (Pt NCs/VN-C3N4), which achieved the ultrasensitive detection (102.16 µM µA-1) of Pb(II) in neutral conditions. The dynamic simulation and theoretical calculations reveal that the parallel deposition of Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+ occurs on the electrode surface modified by Pt NCs/VN-C3N4, and the current peaks of Pb(II) are cocontributed by Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+ species. An "electron inverse" phenomenon in Pt NCs/VN-C3N4 from the VN-C3N4 substrate to Pt NCs endows Pt NCs in an electron-rich state, serving as active centers to promote rapid and efficient reduction for both Pb2+ and Pb(OH)+, facilitating the accurate detection of the total amount of Pb(II) in all forms in the actual water environment.

Multi-COBRA hemagglutinin formulated with cGAMP microparticles elicit protective immune responses against influenza viruses.

Influenza viruses cause a common respiratory disease known as influenza. In humans, seasonal influenza viruses can lead to epidemics, with avian influenza viruses of particular concern because they can infect multiple species and lead to unpredictable and severe disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a universal influenza vaccine that provides protection against seasonal and pre-pandemic influenza virus strains. The cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is a promising adjuvant for subunit vaccines that promotes type I interferons production through the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. The encapsulation of cGAMP in acetalated dextran (Ace-DEX) microparticles (MPs) enhances its intracellular delivery. In this study, the Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen (COBRA) methodology was used to generate H1, H3, and H5 vaccine candidates. Monovalent and multivalent COBRA HA vaccines formulated with cGAMP Ace-DEX MPs were evaluated in a mouse model for antibody responses and protection against viral challenge. Serological analysis showed that cGAMP MPs adjuvanted monovalent and multivalent COBRA vaccines elicited robust antigen-specific antibody responses after a prime-boost vaccination and antibody titers were further enhanced after second boost. Compared to COBRA vaccine groups with no adjuvant or blank MPs, the cGAMP MPs enhanced HAI antibody responses against COBRA vaccination. The HAI antibody titers were not significantly different between cGAMP MPs adjuvanted monovalent and multivalent COBRA vaccine groups for most of the viruses tested in panels. The cGAMP MPs adjuvanted COBRA vaccines groups had higher antigen-specific IgG2a binding titers than the COBRA vaccine groups with no adjuvant or blank MPs. The COBRA vaccines formulated with cGAMP MPs mitigated disease caused by influenza viral challenge and decreased pulmonary viral titers in mice. Therefore, the formulation of COBRA vaccines plus cGAMP MPs is a promising universal influenza vaccine that elicits protective immune responses against human seasonal and pre-pandemic strains.

Unified Strategy Enables the Collective Syntheses of Structurally Diverse Indole Alkaloids.

Natural products and their analogues are significant sources of therapeutic lead compounds. However, synthetic strategies for generating large collections of these molecules remain a significant challenge. The most difficult step in their synthesis is the design of a common intermediate that can be easily transformed into natural products belonging to different families. This study demonstrates the evolution of synthetic tactics designed to assemble the functionalized piperidines present in indole alkaloids from a common intermediate. More importantly, we also report a previously unknown Ir- and Er-catalyzed dehydrogenative spirocyclization reaction that enables direct access to spirocyclic oxindole alkaloids. As a practical application, the asymmetric total syntheses of 29 natural alkaloids belonging to different families were accomplished by following a uniform synthetic route. The proposed methodology extends the capability of the iridium-catalyzed dehydrogenative coupling reaction to the realm of indole-alkaloid synthesis and provides new opportunities for the efficient preparation of natural product-like molecules.

Inactivated recombinant influenza vaccine: the promising direction for the next generation of influenza vaccine.

INTRODUCTION: Vaccination is the most effective method to control the prevalence of seasonal influenza and the most widely used influenza vaccine is the inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV). Each season, the influenza vaccine must be updated to be most effective against current circulating variants. Therefore, developing a universal influenza vaccine (UIV) that can elicit both broad and durable protection is of the utmost importance. AREA COVERED: This review summarizes and compares the available influenza vaccines in the market and inactivation methods used for manufacturing IIVs. Then, we discuss the latest progress of the UIV development in the IIV format and the challenges to address for moving these vaccine candidates to clinical trials and commercialization. The literature search was based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the PubMed databases. EXPERT OPINION: The unmet need for UIV is the primary aim of developing the next generation of influenza vaccines. The IIV has high antigenicity and a refined manufacturing process compared to most other formats. Developing the UIV in IIV format is a promising direction with advanced biomolecular technologies and next-generation adjuvant. It also inspires the development of universal vaccines for other infectious diseases.

MUC20 regulated by extrachromosomal circular DNA attenuates proteasome inhibitor resistance of multiple myeloma by modulating cuproptosis.

BACKGROUND: Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are one of the most important classes of drugs for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). However, almost all patients with MM develop PI resistance, resulting in therapeutic failure. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying PI resistance in MM require further investigation. METHODS: We used several MM cell lines to establish PI-resistant MM cell lines. We performed RNA microarray and EccDNA-seq in MM cell lines and collected human primary MM samples to explore gene profiles. We evaluated the effect of MUC20 on cuproptosis of PI-resistant MM cells using Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), Seahorse bioenergetic profiling and in vivo assay. RESULTS: This study revealed that the downregulation of Mucin 20 (MUC20) could predict PI sensitivity and outcomes in MM patients. Besides, MUC20 attenuated PI resistance in MM cells by inducing cuproptosis via the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2 A expression (CDKN2A), which was achieved by hindering MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) activation. Moreover, MUC20 suppressed MET activation by repressing insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) lactylation in PI-resistant MM cells. This study is the first to perform extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) sequencing for MM, and it revealed that eccDNA induced PI resistance by amplifying kinesin family member 3 C (KIF3C) to reduce MUC20 expression in MM. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that MUC20 regulated by eccDNA alleviates PI resistance of MM by modulating cuproptosis, which would provide novel strategies for the treatment of PI-resistant MM.

Carbon-reinforced Ni3S2/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite as an anode for superior-performance lithium-ion capacitors.

Lithium ion capacitors (LICs) are a new generation of energy storage devices that combine the super energy storage capability of lithium ion batteries with the satisfactory power density of supercapacitors. The development of high-performance LICs still faces great challenges due to the unbalanced reaction kinetics at the anode and cathode. Therefore, it is an inevitable need to enhance the electron/ion transfer capability of the anode materials. In this paper, to obtain a superior-rate and high-capacity Ni3S2-based anode, highly conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets were introduced to sever as the carrier of Ni3S2 nanoparticles and simultaneously an amorphous carbon layer which coats onto the surface of Ni3S2 nanoparticles was in-situ generated by the carbonization of dopamine reactant. The as-synthesized Ni3S2/Ti3C2Tx/C composite exhibits a high specific surface area (112.6 m2/g) because of the addition of Ti3C2Tx that can reduce the aggregation of Ni3S2 nanoparticles and the in-situ generated amorphous carbon layer that can suppress the growth of Ni3S2 nanoparticles. The Ni3S2/Ti3C2Tx/C anode possesses a remarkable reversible discharge specific capacity (626.0 mAh/g under 0.2 A/g current density), which increases to 1150.8 mAh/g after 400-cycle charge/discharge measurement at the same measurement condition indicating eminent cyclability, along with superior rate capability. To construct a superior-performance LIC device, a sterculiae lychnophorae derived porous carbon (SLPC) cathode with an average discharge specific capacity of 73.4 mAh/g@0.1A/g was prepared. The Ni3S2/Ti3C2Tx/C//SLPC LIC device with optimal cathode/anode mass ratio has a satisfactory energy density ranging from 32.8 to 119.1 Wh kg-1 at the corresponding power density of 8799.4 to 157.5 W kg-1, together with a prominent capacity retention (95.5 %@1 A/g after 10,000 cycles).

NanoCon: contrastive learning-based deep hybrid network for nanopore methylation detection.

MOTIVATION: 5-Methylcytosine (5mC), a fundamental element of DNA methylation in eukaryotes, plays a vital role in gene expression regulation, embryonic development, and other biological processes. Although several computational methods have been proposed for detecting the base modifications in DNA like 5mC sites from Nanopore sequencing data, they face challenges including sensitivity to noise, and ignoring the imbalanced distribution of methylation sites in real-world scenarios. RESULTS: Here, we develop NanoCon, a deep hybrid network coupled with contrastive learning strategy to detect 5mC methylation sites from Nanopore reads. In particular, we adopted a contrastive learning module to alleviate the issues caused by imbalanced data distribution in nanopore sequencing, offering a more accurate and robust detection of 5mC sites. Evaluation results demonstrate that NanoCon outperforms existing methods, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool in genomic sequencing and methylation prediction. In addition, we also verified the effectiveness of our representation learning ability on two datasets by visualizing the dimension reduction of the features of methylation and nonmethylation sites from our NanoCon. Furthermore, cross-species and cross-5mC methylation motifs experiments indicated the robustness and the ability to perform transfer learning of our model. We hope this work can contribute to the community by providing a powerful and reliable solution for 5mC site detection in genomic studies. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The project code is available at https://github.com/Challis-yin/NanoCon.

BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE1 associates with and is required for cysteine protease RESPONSE TO DEHYDRATION 19-mediated disease resistance in Arabidopsis.

The receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-SIGNALING KINASE1 (BSK1) interacts with pattern recognition receptor (PRR) FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2) and positively regulates plant innate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the molecular components involved in BSK1-mediated immune signaling remain largely unknown. To further explore the molecular mechanism underlying BSK1-mediated disease resistance, we screened two cysteine proteases, RESPONSE TO DEHYDRATION 19 (RD19) and RD19-LIKE 2 (RDL2), as BSK1-binding partners. Overexpression of RD19, but not RDL2, displayed an autoimmune phenotype, presenting programmed cell death and enhanced resistance to multiple pathogens. Interestingly, RD19-mediated immune activation depends on BSK1, as knockout of BSK1 in RD19-overexpressing plants rescued their autoimmunity and abolished the increased resistance. Furthermore, we found that BSK1 plays a positive role in maintaining RD19 protein abundance in Arabidopsis. Our results provide new insights into BSK1-mediated immune signaling and reveal a potential mechanism by which BSK1 stabilizes RD19 to promote effective immune output.

Flu-COVID combo recombinant protein vaccines elicited protective immune responses against both influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses infection.

SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza viruses are both highly transmissible airborne viruses and causing high morbidity and mortality. Co-infection of these two viruses results in severe disease that have been observed when influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses cocirculated in the past three years, and vaccination is still the effective way to prevent these two diseases. However, influenza and COVID-19 vaccines are designed and manufactured in different platforms, all the individuals will need to get two shots in order to prevent those two severe respiratory diseases. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a Flu-COVID combo vaccine to provide an efficient way for receiving immunization against those two diseases. In this study, we developed a flu-COVID combo vaccine that includes both influenza virus haemagglutinin (HA) proteins and SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein which formulated with AddaVax. K18-hACE-2 transgenic mice were intramuscularly vaccinated with either combo vaccine or mono Flu (HA) or COVID (S) recombinant protein vaccine in a prime-boost-boost regimen, and then were challenged with lethal doses of influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2 to evaluate vaccine efficacy. The results showed that Flu-COVID combo vaccine protected mice from both Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 challenge by preventing body weight loss and clinical signs progression. The protective immune responses elicited by Flu-COVID combo vaccine were equivalent to those elicited by mono flu or COVID recombinant protein vaccines. In conclusion, our study highlights the effectiveness of the FLU-COVID combo recombinant protein vaccine in preventing both influenza and COVID-19 infections.

Comparative analysis of primate and pig cells reveals primate-specific PINK1 expression and phosphorylation.

PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), a mitochondrial kinase that phosphorylates Parkin and other proteins, plays a crucial role in mitophagy and protection against neurodegeneration. Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin can lead to loss of function and early onset Parkinson's disease. However, there is a lack of strong in vivo evidence in rodent models to support the theory that loss of PINK1 affects mitophagy and induces neurodegeneration. Additionally, PINK1 knockout pigs ( Sus scrofa) do not appear to exhibit neurodegeneration. In our recent work involving non-human primates, we found that PINK1 is selectively expressed in primate brains, while absent in rodent brains. To extend this to other species, we used multiple antibodies to examine the expression of PINK1 in pig tissues. In contrast to tissues from cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis), our data did not convincingly demonstrate detectable PINK1 expression in pig tissues. Knockdown of PINK1 in cultured pig cells did not result in altered Parkin and BAD phosphorylation, as observed in cultured monkey cells. A comparison of monkey and pig striatum revealed more PINK1-phosphorylated substrates in the monkey brain. Consistently, PINK1 knockout in pigs did not lead to obvious changes in the phosphorylation of Parkin and BAD. These findings provide new evidence that PINK1 expression is specific to primates, underscoring the importance of non-human primates in investigating PINK1 function and pathology related to PINK1 deficiency.

A sustainable strategy for generating highly stable human skin equivalents based on fish collagen.

Tissue engineered skin equivalents are increasingly recognized as potential alternatives to traditional skin models such as human ex vivo skin or animal skin models. However, most of the currently investigated human skin equivalents (HSEs) are constructed using mammalian collagen which can be expensive and difficult to extract. Fish skin is a waste product produced by fish processing industries and identified as a cost-efficient and sustainable source of type I collagen. In this work, we describe a method for generating highly stable HSEs based on fibrin fortified tilapia fish collagen. The fortified fish collagen (FFC) formulation is optimized to enable reproducible fabrication of full-thickness HSEs that undergo limited contraction, facilitating the incorporation of human donor-derived skin cells and formation of biomimetic dermal and epidermal layers. The morphology and barrier function of the FFC HSEs are compared with a commercial skin model and validated with immunohistochemical staining and transepithelial electrical resistance testing. Finally, the potential of a high throughput screening platform with FFC HSE is explored by scaling down its fabrication to 96-well format.

Phosphorus-doped synergy of phase change in heterogeneous catalysts of NiS-NiS2 for efficient electrocatalysis of Pb(II).

A fundamental understanding of the electroanalytical activity of transition metal sulfide electrocatalysts, especially the origin of the electrocatalytic reactivity on the surface sites of heterostructures with multiple crystalline phases, is essential for the design of low-cost and highly efficient nonprecious metal electrocatalysts for further scientific and technological achievements. Herein, we injected P into NiS and occupied the S sites through a doping strategy. The redistributed electronic structure induced the construction of heterostructures, which significantly improved the structure and chemical state of electrochemically inert NiS. The phase-change mechanism between NiS and NiS2 synergistically catalyzes Pb(II), while the P and S sites jointly lose electrons. Moreover, the constructed heterojunction sensor shows the a sensitivity of 83.43 µA µM-1 to Pb(II) with a theoretical limit of detection of 48 nM, as well as excellent stability, reproducibility, and anti-interference ability. The accurate detection in real water further reveals the potential of this sensor for practical applications. This study provides a guiding strategy for improving electrochemically inert materials to design highly active electrocatalytic interfaces, which has important implications for the development of highly efficient electrode-sensitive materials similar to precious metals to achieve accurate electrical analysis.

Novel conjugated microporous polymers for efficient tetracycline adsorption: insights from theoretical investigations.

This paper presents a detailed theoretical understanding of the noncovalent interactions between antibiotics tetracycline and conjugated microporous polymer (CMP), which is important to understand the recent experimental finding of efficient removal of antibiotics by CMP materials. We show that the co-work of π-π and H-π interactions determines the final equilibrium structures, when a tetracycline molecule spontaneously adsorbs to the surface or within the pores of the CMP network at physisorption distances. The binding energies for tetracycline/CMP systems are calculated to be -0.31 âˆ¼ -1.15 eV, demonstrating the reliability of the adsorption. The electronic structures of CMP nanostructures remain basically undamaged upon the tetracycline adsorption. The replacement of benzothiadiazole unit with S and N heteroatoms to the phenyl moiety in the linker effectively enhanced the molecular polarity of CMP molecule and increases the interaction area between tetracycline and CMP network, consequently enhancing the average binding energies notably. Our calculations provide useful theoretical guidance for design of novel carbon-based porous adsorbents with good adsorption performance to remove residual tetracycline and other antibiotics in water.

NUA positively regulates plant immunity by coordination with ESD4 to deSUMOylate TPR1 in Arabidopsis.

Nuclear pore complex (NPC) is composed of multiple nucleoporins (Nups). A plethora of studies have highlighted the significance of NPC in plant immunity. However, the specific roles of individual Nups are poorly understood. NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR (NUA) is a component of NPC. Loss of NUA leads to an increase in SUMO conjugates and pleiotropic developmental defects in Arabidopsis thaliana. Herein, we revealed that NUA is required for plant defense against multiple pathogens. NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR associates with the transcriptional corepressor TOPLESS-RELATED1 (TPR1) and contributes to TPR1 deSUMOylation. Significantly, NUA-interacting protein EARLY IN SHORT DAYS 4 (ESD4), a SUMO protease, specifically deSUMOylates TPR1. It has been previously established that the SUMO E3 ligase SAP AND MIZ1 DOMAIN-CONTAINING LIGASE 1 (SIZ1)-mediated SUMOylation of TPR1 represses the immune-related function of TPR1. Consistent with this notion, the hyper-SUMOylated TPR1 in nua-3 leads to upregulated expression of TPR1 target genes and compromised TPR1-mediated disease resistance. Taken together, our work uncovers a mechanism by which NUA positively regulates plant defense responses by coordination with ESD4 to deSUMOylate TPR1. Our findings, together with previous studies, reveal a regulatory module in which SIZ1 and NUA/ESD4 control the homeostasis of TPR1 SUMOylation to maintain proper immune output.

In Situ Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Chromium Speciation Analysis Based on the Interactions of Oxygen-Containing Groups with Functionalized Co3O4-rGO: Evidence from Advanced Optical Techniques and Density Functional Theoretical Calculations under Electric Field.

Achieving accurate detection of different speciations of heavy metal ions (HMIs) in an aqueous solution is an urgent problem due to the different bioavailabilities and physiological toxicity. Herein, we nominated a novel strategy to detect HCrO4- and Cr(OH)2+ at a trace level via the electrochemical sensitive surface constructed by Co3O4-rGO modified with amino and carboxyl groups, which revealed that the interactions between distinct functional groups and different oxygen-containing groups of target ions are conducive to the susceptible and anti-interference detection. The detection sensitivities of 19.46 counts µg-1 L for HCrO4- and 13.44 counts µg-1 L for Cr(OH)2+ were obtained under optimal conditions, while the limits of detection were 0.10 and 0.12 µg L-1, respectively. Satisfactory anti-interference and actual water sample analysis results were obtained. A series of advanced optical techniques like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure technology, and density functional theory calculations under an electric field demonstrated that chemical interactions between groups contribute more to the fixation of target ions than electrical attraction alone. The presence of oxygen-containing groups distinct from simple ionic forms was a critical factor in the selectivity and anti-interference detection. Furthermore, the valence cycle of Co(II)/(III) synergistically boosted the detection performance. This research provides a promising tactic from the microscopic perspective of groups' interactions to accomplish the precise speciation analysis of HMIs in the water environment.